Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a pervasive pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, affects, and marked impulsivity that begins by early adulthood and is present in a variety of contexts. Individuals with borderline personality disorder have an intense fear of abandonment or instability and may have difficulty tolerating being alone. While these individuals have this fear and seek out interpersonal relationships, their behavior more often than none pushes friends and family away.
Behaviors like inappropriate anger, impulsiveness, and frequent mood swings cause difficulty, even though they want to have loving and lasting relationships. BPD impacts the way an individual thinks and feels about themselves and others, causing problems functioning in everyday life. BPD frequently co-occurs with other personality disorders. The most common pattern for the course of BPD is one of chronic instability in early childhood, with episodes of serious affective and impulsive dyscontrol and high levels of use of health and mental health resources.
It’s estimated that 1.6% of the adult U.S. population has BPD, but that number may be as high as 5.9%. 75% of people that are diagnosed with BPD are women, but this is not to say that men are not susceptible to having BPD. Research suggests that men may be equally affected by BPD but are commonly misdiagnosed with PTSD or depression. BPD, like other personality disorders, is not diagnosed in children or adolescents, but mostly in adults. Personalities of children and adolescents are still developing so what may appear to be signs and symptoms of borderline personality disorder may go away as children get older and become more mature.
The cause of borderline personality disorder is not fully understood but there is an agreement that it is caused by a combination of factors. BPD may be linked to brain abnormalities, the part of the brain that controls emotions and decision-making/judgment may not communicate optimally with one another. It may also be the case that certain brain chemicals that help regulate mood, like serotonin, may not function correctly.
Genetics may play a role in the development of borderline personality disorder. While there is no specific gene related to BPD, some studies of twins and families suggest that personality disorders may be inherited or strongly associated with other mental health disorders among family members.
BPD is about five times more common among people who have a first-degree relative with the disorder. Finally, environmental factors may also be linked to BPD. Research has shown that a history of child abuse or neglect or who experienced other traumatic life events are at increased risk of developing BPD.
To be diagnosed with borderline personality disorder, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the following criteria must be met:
There is no perfect way to approach a loved one that you assume or know has a borderline personality disorder. People without borderline personality disorder struggle to understand how their loved ones experience intense reactions, mood swings, and risky behavior. Providing support and being aware of what their learning in treatment can be helpful. It’s important to determine the level of care a loved one may need before engaging in (and throughout) treatment.
Borderline personality disorder can be a challenge to treat not only because it is complicated and stigmatized, but also because its symptoms reflect ingrained patterns of thinking and behavior. Treatment for BPD is long-term and requires a comprehensive treatment plan. When considering treatment it is important to consider co-occurring conditions that may exist, which are common in individuals with BPD.
Individual Therapy
Our borderline personality disorder therapists specialize in evidence-based therapies, such as Dialectical Behavior Therapy (DBT) and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT). These therapeutic modalities help individuals understand their emotions, develop coping strategies, and cultivate healthier thought patterns. Through one-on-one sessions, our therapists work collaboratively with clients to navigate the challenges posed by BPD and foster personal growth.
Group Therapy
Connecting with others who share similar experiences can be incredibly empowering. Our group therapy sessions provide a safe and supportive environment for individuals with BPD to share their stories, learn from one another, and develop crucial interpersonal skills. Led by skilled facilitators, these group sessions encourage a sense of community and belonging.
Medication Management
To date, there are no drugs approved by the FDA that have been specifically created to treat borderline personality disorder. For some individuals, medication can play a significant role in managing BPD symptoms. Our experienced psychiatrists work closely with clients to determine if medication is an appropriate option and tailor prescriptions to suit individual needs. We prioritize a collaborative approach, ensuring that clients are well informed and comfortable with their treatment plans.
Mindfulness and Stress Reduction
Learning to manage stress and regulate emotions is essential for BPD recovery. Our mindfulness-based techniques and stress reduction strategies help individuals develop a stronger sense of self-awareness, allowing them to navigate life's challenges with greater resilience and clarity.
Family Therapy
We understand the impact that BPD can have on families and loved ones. Our family therapy sessions provide a platform for open communication and education, helping families better understand BPD and learn how to provide effective support. Together, we work towards rebuilding and strengthening familial relationships.
If you or a loved one is struggling with Borderline Personality Disorder, know that you're not alone. At Clarity Clinic, we are dedicated to guiding you toward a brighter, more fulfilling future. Take the first step towards healing by scheduling an appointment today. Our compassionate team is ready to support you on your path to recovery.
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