Narcissistic Personality Disorder

At Clarity Clinic, we understand that the path to mental well-being is unique for each individual. Our dedicated team of experienced mental health professionals is here to guide and support you as you navigate the challenges of NPD and embark on a path toward self-discovery, growth, and lasting change.

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Understanding Narcissistic Personality Disorder

A narcissistic personality disorder is characterized by an excessive and deep need for admiration, a lack of empathy for others, an inflated sense of self-importance, and a series of troubled relationships. People with narcissistic personality disorder believe they are superior or special, and often try to associate with other people they believe are unique or gifted in some way. These kinds of associations often heighten their self-esteem. Behind what many see as high self-esteem is actually fragile self-esteem that is sensitive to “injury” from defeat or criticism. These individuals may not share with others that the criticism impacts them, therefore concealing it, leaving them feeling degraded, humiliated, and hollow inside. These individuals may find relationships unfulfilling while others may not enjoy being around others in general.

Of those diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder, 50%- 75% are male. Narcissistic traits may be common in adolescents, but that does not necessarily mean that as they grow into adults, they will develop a narcissistic personality disorder. Problems occur across areas in their life including work, school, financial affairs, relationships, etc.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder Causes

The cause of narcissistic personality disorder is not fully understood but there is an agreement that it is caused by a combination of factors. Genetics may play a role in the development of narcissistic personality disorder. While there is no specific gene related to narcissistic personality disorder, research suggests that there is a slightly increased risk for this disorder to be inherited by their children. While some of this has to do with genetics, some are also likely due to the child’s personality and temperament, as well as the parenting behavior of one or both of the parents.

Narcissistic Personality Disorder Symptoms

To be diagnosed with narcissistic personality disorder, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, the following criteria must be met:

A pervasive pattern of grandiosity (in fantasy or behavior), need for admiration, and lack of empathy, beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts, as indicated by five (or more) of the following:
- Has a grandiose sense of self-importance (e.g., exaggerates achievements and talents, expects to be recognized as superior without commensurate achievements)
- Is preoccupied with fantasies of unlimited success, power, brilliance, beauty, or ideal love.
- Believes that he or she is “special” and unique and can only be understood by, or should associate with, other special or high-status people (or institutions).
- Requires excessive admiration.
- Has a sense of entitlement (i.e., unreasonable expectations of especially favorable treatment or automatic compliance with his or her expectations).
- Is interpersonally exploitative (i.e., takes advantage of others to achieve his or her own ends).
- Lacks empathy: is unwilling to recognize or identify with the feelings and needs of others.
- Is often envious of others or believes that others are envious of him or her.
- Shows arrogant, haughty behaviors or attitudes.

Other symptoms of individuals with narcissistic personality disorder that have trouble handling anything they perceive as criticism:

Have secret feelings of insecurity, shame, vulnerability, and humiliation
Become impatient or angry when they don’t receive special treatment
Have difficulty regulating emotions and behavior
Experience major problems dealing with stress and adapting to change
React with rage or contempt and try to belittle the other person to make themselves appear superior
Have significant interpersonal problems and easily feel slighted
Feel depressed and moody because they fall short of perfection

How to Approach a Loved One About NPD

There is no perfect way to approach a loved one that you assume or know has narcissistic personality disorder. People with narcissistic personality disorder may not believe anything is wrong with them, so they may resist treatment or not listen to the concerns of their family and friends. Providing support and being aware of what they’re learning in treatment can be helpful.

Types of Narcissistic Personality Disorder Treatment

Narcissistic personality disorder can be a challenge to treat not only because individuals with narcissistic personality disorder may not feel that therapy is not worth their time and attention. These individuals have a great deal of grandiosity and defensiveness, which makes it difficult for them to acknowledge problems and vulnerabilities. Therapy can be short-term to manage times of stress or crisis or can be provided on an ongoing basis. Often, including family members or significant others in therapy can be helpful. When considering treatment, it is important to consider co-occurring conditions that may exist, like anxiety or depression. Treatment can improve an individual’s life, making it more enjoyable and rewarding.

Individual Therapy

Psychotherapy is the most common method of treatment for narcissistic personality disorder. Through psychotherapy, people with narcissistic personality disorder may process and work through their interpersonal problems. Psychotherapy can help individuals to learn how to have intimate, reciprocal, and enjoyable relationships. The relationship with the therapist and the skills taught, teach people how to relate better with others and get to the root of their emotions that cause them to distrust people, compete with others, and despise others, as well as themselves.

Group Therapy

Connect with others who are on a similar healing journey through group therapy sessions. Share insights, gain perspective, and practice interpersonal skills in a supportive and understanding environment.

Family Counseling

NPD can impact relationships with loved ones. Our family counseling sessions facilitate open communication, understanding, and healing within familial dynamics.

Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Learn to identify and modify maladaptive thought patterns and behaviors, fostering positive changes in your self-perception and interactions with others.

Mindfulness and Self-Compassion Practices

Cultivate self-awareness, manage emotional reactivity, and develop self-compassion through mindfulness techniques tailored to individuals with NPD.

Medication Management

To date, there are no drugs approved by the FDA that have been specifically created to treat narcissistic personality disorder. Medications can be useful when treating other symptoms that may occur simultaneously with narcissistic personality disorder, such as anxiety or depression.

Taking the First Step

Embarking on the journey towards healing from NPD is a courageous step that signifies your commitment to personal growth and well-being. At Clarity Clinic, we are here to support you every step of the way. Our dedicated team of therapists is passionate about guiding you toward a life characterized by authenticity, empathy, and meaningful connections.